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{No Model.) v I R. NIOHOLLS.

APPARATUS F011 THE REGEPTION AND DEODORIZATION OF HUMAN EXGRETA, 6w.

No. 324,146. rammed- Aug. 11, 1885.

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llNITEn STATES PAT NT Fries.

RICHARD NIOHOLLS, or HENDON, COUNTY or MIDnLEsnX, ENGLAND.

APPARATUS FOR THE RECEPTION AND DEODORIZATION OF HUMAN EXCRETA, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent Ilia-324,146, dated August11, 1885.

Application filed December 29, 1884. (No model.) Patented in ItalyJanuary 29, 1885, No. 7,358.

To all whom it may concern:

- of Middlesex, England,-electrical cloth man ufacturer, have inventedan Improved Refuse Apparatus Adapted for the Reception and Deodorizationof Human Excreta and House Refuse and for the Conversion of the same forManurial Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to enable in h abitants of dwelling-housesto deodorize their own excrement immediately after the passing of thesame from the body, and afterward to convert the same as well as otherfeculent house-refuse into a'mannre rich in fertilizing properties, theoperation being conducted without polluting the atmosphere.

In carrying out my invention I employ apparatus of the characterrepresented in vertical section in the accompanying drawing, which formsa part of this specification.

a is a tank, of metal, provided with a perforated cover or tray, b, inwhich is an open ing, 1), of a size approximately corresponding withthat of the orifice usually formed in the seat of an ordinarywater-closet. Surrounding the opening I) is a lip or seating, b adaptedfor the reception of the bottom edge of a hollow cover or sealingdevice, 0. The hollow coverc is'itself provided with a hinged lid, 0",and is formed with a perforated bottom, 0. The cover 0 is mounted on aremovable pin or pivot, 0 upon which it may be turned so as to occupythe position indicated by the dotted lines. The pivot c is supported ona post, a, secured to the perforated tray 11, and when the corner of thecover 0 comes in contact with the cover d, as seen in the drawing, thetray bis caused to vibrate and discharge a quantity of its pulverizedmaterial into the vessel a.

At a suitable distance above the perforated tray 1) of the tank a ismounted a removable lid or seat, d, preferably of wood. The tank a isfurther provided with a capacious outlet, a, having a cover, o or othersuitable means for hermetically closing the said outlet.

Upon the perforated tray bis placed a quantity of deodorizingmaterialsuch as soot, vegetable, or animal carbon, or any other materialcapable of deodorizing the volatile matters given off from the contentsof the tank a. The hollow cover applied to close the opening b ischarged with material of the same character.

WVhen it is desired to utilize the apparatus as a privy, the cover 0 isthrown back and the user seats himself on the seat (1. He subsequentlyrestores the box 0 to the position shown in the drawing. The vibrationresulting both on the throwing back of the cover 0 and'on itsreplacement over the opening b causes a portion of the soot or otherdeodorizing material carried upon the tray Z), and within the hollowcover 0 to be discharged through the perforations described, and to'fallupon the execreted matter. The ammoniacal and other volatile gasesevolved from the contents of the tank care unable to escape exceptthrough the perforated tray 1), and whereupon they become arrested andabsorbed by the layer of deodorizing material carried by the said tray.In order to prevent leakage of gas around the cover 0 the lower edge ofthe same may be suitably recessed for the reception of a softpacking-ring adapted to fit the edge of the opening I) in the tray 1),and to make a tight joint when the cover 0 is closed over the saidopening.

House refuse and other offensive orputrescible' matter may be throwninto the tank a through the orifice b,- or, if preferred, two suchopenings, each provided with a cover, such as 0, may be employed, one ofthese openings being intended for privy use, and the other fortheintroduction of dust-bin and other refuse. When the tank a is full,or nearly so, the cover a is removed and the contents withdrawn by wayof the outlet a. If, however, it be desired to convert the contents ofthe tank a into a dry and thoroughly deodorized manure, the cover a isretained in position, the wooden seat (1 is lifted off, the cover '0" isclosed and a fire is formed or other heating means applied beneath thetank a. The moisture contained in the contents of the tank is thusevaporated and driven off through the layer of deodorizing materialcarried by the tray 1) and contained in the hollow cover 0. During thisprocess the vapor yields up any ammonia or other deleterious ingredientswhich it may contain, and these become fixed as ammoniacal and othersalts in the said deodorizing material. The cover a may then be removedand the dried contents of the tank a withdrawn. The deodorizing materialmay also be removed from the tray 6 and the cover 0. The whole of theproducts may then be incorporated together, forming a manure with highfertilizing properties.

With a view to promote the fixing of the ammonia it is advantageous toadd a small quantity of oil of vitriol to the contents of the tankbefore applying heat. From onehalf to one per cent. would be a suitableproportion under ordinary circumstances.

I have not illustrated any means for applying heat to the device, as anywell-known means may be employed, and such. means forms no part of theinvention.

I attach importance to the arrangement by which the turning of the lidserves to deposit the deodorizing material from the plate b, when thesaid cover is opened, and from the cover itself when it is closed. Ialso attach importance to the means, as a, a", for convert ient removalof the contents.

Modifications may be made in the forms and proportions without departingfrom the principle or sacrificing the advantages of the invention. Allparts of the tank a, except the bottom, may be made of wood. It is important that the bottom be of metal, so as to transmit the caloric from astove or other heating agency below to drive off the volatile matterfrom the contents.

Having thus fully described the nature of my invention, and in whatmanner the same is to be performed, I claim 1. An earth-closet having aportion of its receptacle covered by aperforated tray, b, and a portionformed into an opening, b, covered at will by a hollow cover, 0',containing a powdered disinfecting or deodorizing material, and having aperforated bottom, the said cover being supported or pivoted on a post,0, secured to the tray 1), and the whole adapted to serveas and for thepurposes set forth.

2. The combination of the receptacle a, as described, having the tray bwith post 0" secured thereto and projecting upward through the top (I,with the cover 0', containing a powdered disinfectant, and pivoted tothe top of said post, and having a chamber with a pen,

forated bottom, all arranged and adapted to serve as set forth.

Intestimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

RICHARD NIOHOLLS.

Witnesses:

J OSI-I. GLOVER, ]91 Fleet Street, London.

SYDNEY C. HOOK, 50 Gresham House, London, Gentleman.

